B | The slaying of an endangered brown bear near an Italian national park left her two young cubs motherless and sparked outrage in Italy on Friday.Italy's environment minister and animal rights advocates voiced anger and dismay over the killing of the bear in the mountainous Abruzzo region. Local residents, including families with small children, had often stopped to watch the bear and her cubs during the animal family's frequent evening excursions through streets near the park.A bear named Amarena crosses a street with her cubs in front of a group of people, in San Sebastiano Dei Marsi, Abruzzo, Italy, August 26, 2023 in this still image from video obtained from social media. Gemma Di Pietro/via REUTERS The National Park of Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise described the slain animal, nicknamed Amarena — or Black Cherry in Italian — as one of its most prolific brown bears. Residents coined the name because cherries and black cherries were among the bear's favorite foods, the Corriere della Sera newspaper said. The park posted a graphic image of the bear lying dead on the ground.The man who shot the bear with a rifle Thursday night in the town of San Benedetto dei Marsi told police the animal was on his property and he felt in danger, the Italian news agency ANSA said.
"I shot out of fear, but I didn't want to kill. I found her inside my property and it was an impulsive, instinctive act," he was quoted as saying by ANSA, the BBC reported.Park director Luciano Sammarone told ANSA that the bear had crossed a private fence. "However, I'm struggling to believe this was a matter of self-defense," Sammarone told the news agency, adding that he would reserve judgment until the investigation is complete.Prosecutors were looking into a possible charge of animal killing, and police took the rifle, which was legally owned by the 56-year-old man, as part of their investigation, the LaPresse news agency said.
The marsican brown bear, endemic to central Italy, is considered at an elevated risk of extinction. The park says about 60 bears live within the park or in its surrounding areas."The killing of a marsican female bear is a grave episode, on which it's dutiful to shed light as quickly as possible,'' Environment Minister Gilberto Pichetto said."Our commitment is aimed also at the protection of the bear's cubs, doing everything possible so that they can remain free,'' he said in a statement.Drones were being used in the search for the cubs, LaPresse said.The head of World Wildlife Fund's Italy office, Luciano Di Tizio, called the bear's slaying a "very grave, unjustifiable crime of nature" and the result of a "constant campaign against wildlife."The motherless cubs aren't yet self-sufficient and thus are at high risk, triggering the search for them in the parklands, he added."A self-assured, but completely peaceful bear, Amarena was part of the collective imagination and was the subject of pride in a land that has, in the bear, a symbol" of local nature, Di Tizio said.
The theme of bear vs. humans has taken on political connotations in Italy and landed in the courts. Earlier this year, an administrative court's ruling spared, for now, the life of a brown bear that fatally attacked a runner on a mountain trail in Italy's Alpine region.Local political authorities had issued an order to have the 17-year-old female bear, known as Jj4, euthanized. A court hearing on the bear's fate is expected in December. Animal rights groups have challenged the order to put down the bear.The brown marsican bear which was killed on Thursday is a subspecies that is genetically different from alpine bears.Italian state TV said Friday that Amarena was the mother of another one of the park's bears that met a violent end. That bear, which was fatally struck by a car earlier this year, earned national fame when it broke into a bakery and munched on cookies.
C | ”从3月初开始，绥中县小庄子镇多个地块呈现一片繁忙景象，男工背水管、运蒜种，女工蹲下身子，往地垄里插蒜。个个手脚麻利，还不时地交谈着，偶尔发出爽朗的笑声。
图为村民们正在往地垄里插蒜。
小庄子镇地理位置优越，土质肥沃，水源充沛，气候适宜，非常适合大蒜生长。几十年前，当地老百姓开始种蒜，尝到了甜头。受其影响，十余年来，当地政府积极倡导大力发展设施农业，让“浓郁的蒜香”萦绕乡村。
杨力军是该镇叶大村种蒜大户，也是行家里手。4年前，他承包了50亩地，全部用来种蒜。“蒜种去年年底从山东购进，做好保暖措施，保证出苗率。
D | 3月5日开始种，3月10日前能种完。”
通过农村经纪人介绍，杨力军找来30余名帮手，多数是本地的，其他乡镇也有一小部分。“小庄子镇春耕较早，绥中西部山区等地较晚，有很多剩余劳动力。一开始，往地垄里并排插450米算一个工，一个工170元；等过几天大量种蒜劳动力短缺时，一个工200元。”
宋丽娜是个种蒜能手，3月5日6时，她与几名姐妹来到杨力军家的地块，众人从地头开始比着干。“一条垄沟里插两排蒜，行距七八厘米，种子间距3公分。蒜讲究浅种，离土层两厘米左右。这样一来，不仅出苗率高，而且蒜头长得特别大。”
“年纪轻体力壮速度快的，一天能挣200多元，稍差的，将近200元。能干到3月下旬，挣个三四千元不成问题。每天虽然很乏累，但姐妹们说说笑笑，快乐时光抵消了乏累。”宋丽娜说。
E |
每亩地需要蒜种700余斤，杨力军粗略地算了一笔账，加上人工等费用，每亩地支出大约7000元。
F | 按照去年的市场价，每亩地纯利润一万元左右。“虽然市场价波动大，但小庄子的蒜个头大、口感好、肉质紧实、市场占有率高，对于种植户来说前景非常广阔，种蒜的积极性、丰产的信心非常高。”
小庄子镇主管农业的副镇长赵博对当地的大蒜产业充满信心。“今年全镇共种植大蒜6000亩，且都是紫皮独头蒜，比普通白皮多瓣蒜价格高。为了保证旱季不缺水，相关部门在地里还打了多眼机电井。独头蒜不仅在国内受欢迎，而且还出口欧盟等地。另外，为了冲破低端产业链束缚，镇里准备筹建多座恒温库，种植户可暂时储存起来，然后错季销售，进一步提高收入。
G | ”
“随着国家政策越来越好，当地营商环境逐步优化，广大种植户种植独头蒜的热情越来越高，经验也越来越丰富。镇政府积极引导、热情服务，并搭建市场行情、技术咨询等相关平台，渐进式形成科学化、产业化的设施农业产业集群，在乡村振兴的道路上阔步前行。”小庄子镇党委书记刘伟说。
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